Wadanne Aikace-aikace na Slip Rings Sut Application?
zoben zamewa na al'ada sun dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima, daidaitawa da'ira, ko ƙimar muhalli waɗanda daidaitattun samfuran ba za su iya ɗauka ba. Shawarar gyare-gyaren ta ta'allaka ne kan ko jujjuyawar mu'amalar ku tana buƙatar nau'ikan sigina na musamman, nau'ikan sigina na musamman, ko yanayin aiki fiye da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun shelfe{1}}-.
Gane Lokacin da Keɓancewa Ya Zama Dole
Madaidaitan kasidun zobe na zamewa suna rufe yanayin masana'antu gama gari tare da na'urori na zamani da aka riga aka tsara a cikin nau'ikan ƙira daga 12mm zuwa 100mm. Waɗannan suna aiki daidai don watsa wutar lantarki kai tsaye a cikin mahalli masu sarrafawa inda kayan aiki ke aiki a matsakaicin gudu a ƙarƙashin 500 RPM. Lokacin da aikace-aikacen suka karkata daga waɗannan sigogi, daidaitattun raka'a suna fuskantar iyakoki waɗanda ke lalata aiki.
Ta hanyar - bukatu akai-akai suna fitar da buƙatun gyare-gyare. Kayan aiki tare da ramukan da ake da su, layukan ruwa, ko dam ɗin igiyoyi waɗanda ke wucewa ta gatura mai jujjuya suna buƙatar diamita mai kama da waɗancan toshewar. Daidaitaccen tari a kusa da mashahuran masu girma dabam{6}} 0.5 inch, 1.5 inch, 2-inci barin rata waɗanda ke tilasta injiniyoyi zuwa mafita na al'ada. Haɗin gwiwa na mutum-mutumi yana buƙatar buƙatun inci 1.8 don bututun huhu bai sami wani zaɓi na daidaitaccen zaɓi ba.
Rukunin kewayawa yana tura ƙira sama da samfuran kasida. Tsarin hoto na likitanci masu watsa HD{1}SDI bidiyo tare da siginonin sarrafa Ethernet da 200{3}Amp ikon da'irori suna buƙatar tsarin gine-ginen sigina mai gauraya tare da kiyayewa da tacewa. Daidaitaccen zobe na zamewa ya raba iko da tashoshi na sigina amma da wuya ya haɗa ukun tare da keɓancewa mai isa ga EMC a cikin mahallin asibiti.
Matsanancin muhalli yana kawar da daidaitattun zaɓuɓɓuka gaba ɗaya. Kayan aikin hako mai da ke aiki a 450 digiri F downhole, ROVs na karkashin ruwa da aka ƙididdige IP68 don nutsar da ruwa mai gishiri, ko hanyoyin sararin samaniya da ke tsira - 65 digiri F zuwa 250 digiri F na zafin jiki na buƙatar zaɓin kayan abu, hanyoyin rufewa, da mayukan da ba su samuwa a cikin ƙira na gaba ɗaya. Fadada yanayin zafi kaɗai a cikin kewayon digiri 315 F yana buƙatar ɗaukar izini da kayan gidaje fiye da daidaitattun jurewar masana'anta.
Ƙididdiga Masu Mahimmanci waɗanda ke ayyana Bukatun Musamman
Ƙarfin halin yanzu yana ƙayyadaddun gine-ginen ƙira. Ƙananan zoben zamewar sigina masu sarrafa milliamp{2}} siginar matakin thermocouple suna amfani da gogayen waya masu kyau da gwal{3}farantin zoben da ke rage juriyar lamba ƙasa da milliohms 50. Babban{6}} ƙira na yanzu waɗanda ke watsa amps 100 zuwa 500 a kowane da'irar suna amfani da tsare-tsare masu yawa tare da azurfa{10}}kayan graphite da sanyaya aiki. Bambancin girman jiki ya zama babba{12} zoben sigina 6 ya dace da diamita na waje na 35mm yayin da naúrar 100-amp na 6-kewaye na buƙatar diamita 150mm don isassun zafi.
Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki yana rinjayar buƙatun rufi da tazarar kewaye. Daidaitaccen ƙira yana ɗaukar 600V AC / DC cikin kwanciyar hankali. Aikace-aikacen da suka haɗa da tsarin 1000V ko mafi girma suna buƙatar ƙarin tazara mai raɗaɗi tsakanin da'irori kusa, shingen rufewa mai kauri, da babban gwajin wutar lantarki yayin masana'antu. Zobba na zamewar iska mai ƙarfi a 690V guda uku{100}{101}{101}{101}{101}{101}{8}
Gudun juyawa yana tasiri kowane fanni na inji. Yawancin zoben zamewar masana'antu suna aiki lafiya zuwa 300 RPM tare da daidaitattun majalisu masu ɗaukar ƙwallon ƙafa. Babban{3}} aikace-aikace masu sauri kamar CT scanner gantries suna juyawa a 120{8}}180 RPM yayin da ake sarrafa ingantattun sigina na coder suna buƙatar daidaitawa mai ƙarfi, daidaitaccen ɗaukar hoto, da kayan tuntuɓar suna rage hayaniyar girgiza. Gas turbine test equipment exceeding 20,000 RPM requires fundamentally different designs with specialized high-speed bearings and contact technologies that eliminate traditional brush-ring interfaces entirely in favor of mercury or capacitive coupling.
Bukatun amincin sigina sun ware ƙira na asali daga ainihin kayan aikin. Tsarin ra'ayoyin da ke buƙatar ƙaramar benayen hayaniyar microvolt suna ƙayyadad da zinariya{2}} akan{3}} lambobin zinare, garkuwar da'ira guda ɗaya, da tace filayen gidaje. Daidaitaccen zoben zamewa tare da ƙayyadaddun amo 10mV 5{7} sun tabbatar da rashin amfani ga waɗannan ƙa'idodin daidaitattun aikace-aikacen. Rata tsakanin ma'auni da na al'ada ya ragu sosai don Ethernet, CAN-bus, da sauran ka'idoji na banbance-banbance inda daidaitaccen ma'amala da ƙarewa ke da mahimmanci fiye da cikakkiyar hayaniya.
Abubuwan Muhalli Masu Tuƙi Ƙa'idodin Musamman
Yanayin zafin jiki mai aiki yana ba da zaɓin zaɓin kayan aiki a cikin taron. Daidaitaccen zoben zamewa suna aiki - 30 digiri F zuwa digiri 175 F ta amfani da man fetur{4}} tushen man mai da na gama gari{7}} robobi. Tsayawa sama da waɗannan iyakoki na buƙatar maye gurbin. Babban{9}} aikace-aikacen zafin jiki sama da digiri 200 F yana buƙatar insulation fluoropolymer, yumbu bearings, roba high{12} man shafawa, da karfe gidaje. Wuraren Arctic da ke ƙasa -40 digiri F suna buƙatar man shafawa na yanayin sanyi na musamman waɗanda ke kula da danko da abubuwan dumama zaɓin da ke hana gurɓata ruwa.
Abubuwan buƙatun hatimi suna amsa haɗarin gurɓatawa. Buɗaɗɗen ƙira sun dace da tsabtataccen muhalli na cikin gida amma sun gaza a masana'antu masu ƙura ko shigarwa na waje. Ƙididdiga na IP54 suna ba da kariya ta asali da ta dace don kayan aiki. Bayani dalla-dalla na IP67 hatimi a kan nutsewar ruwa na ɗan lokaci, gama gari a sarrafa abinci da kayan aikin jirgin ruwa. Cikakken ƙimar nutsewar ruwa na IP68 da ake buƙata don ROVs na ƙarƙashin ruwa da kayan aikin bincike na teku suna ƙara farashi mai ƙima ta hanyar madaidaicin ragi na zobe, igiyoyin igiya da aka rufe, da tsarin biyan diyya.
Wuraren girgiza da girgiza sun raba ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira daga daidaitattun majalisu. Kayan aiki masu nauyi kamar ma'adinan ma'adinai da injinan gandun daji suna abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi ci gaba da girgiza sama da 5G tare da tasirin lokaci. Zoben zamewa na al'ada don waɗannan aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da goga masu ƙarfafawa, maɗaukaki masu yawa, na'urorin lantarki, da girgizar ƙasa- masu ɗaukar nauyi. Ƙayyadaddun bayanai na soja da sararin samaniya suna tura waɗannan buƙatun gaba tare da MIL{5}}STD gwajin girgiza da ke tabbatar da rayuwa a ƙarƙashin abubuwan fashewa da ci gaba mai girma- G maneuvers.
Bayyanar sinadarai yana tasiri dacewa da kayan aiki. Ƙirar ƙira ta amfani da zoben tagulla da tagulla suna lalata da sauri a wuraren ruwan gishiri na ruwa. Bakin karfe yi tare da zinariya plating adireshin lalata amma yana ƙaruwa farashin 60-80%. Tsire-tsire masu sarrafa sinadarai tare da tururi mai narkewa ko yanayin acidic suna buƙatar ƙwararrun sutura da kayan gasket masu tsayayya da takamaiman sinadarai. Jadawalin dacewa da kayan aiki sun zama mahimman takaddun tunani yayin haɓaka ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
Kalubalen Haɗin Kan Injini
Tsarin hawa yana bambanta sosai a cikin aikace-aikacen. Flange{1}Tsarin tsaunuka suna haɗa kayan da ke tsaye da ƙarfi yayin da ma'auratan igiya masu jujjuya su ta hanyar haɗin kai mai sassauƙa don rama ƙaramin kuskure. Shaft{3}}Tsarin tsaunuka suna jujjuya wannan tsari, suna kiyaye rotor zuwa kafaffen sandar yayin da jikin mahalli ke jujjuyawa kyauta, yawanci tare da hannun juyawa{4} yana hana juyi. Ta hanyar -saitattun kayan aiki suna wahalar hawa ta hanyar buƙatar tsarin goyan baya waɗanda ba su toshe hanyar tsakiya.
Hanyoyin haɗin kai tsakanin zoben zamewa da kayan aikin juyawa suna tasiri sosai ga aminci. Haɗaɗɗen haɗin kai suna watsa kowane kuskure da girgiza kai tsaye zuwa zoben zamewa, yana haɓaka lalacewa da haifar da lalacewar goga da wuri. Haɗin kai masu sassauƙa ta amfani da abubuwan roba, bellows, ko haɗin gwiwa na duniya suna ɗaukar kuskure kuma suna datse jijjiga amma gabatar da yarda wanda zai iya haifar da kurakurai a cikin daidaitattun aikace-aikace. Zaɓin haɗin kai ya zama sasantawa tsakanin taurin inji da kariyar sassa.
Gudanar da kebul na kebul da sauƙi yana ba da ƙalubale masu gudana. Kebul masu jujjuyawa da aka haɗa zuwa na'urar rotor na zamewa suna samun ci gaba da jujjuyawa wanda ke haifar da gazawar gajiya sai dai in an sarrafa su yadda ya kamata. Manufofin sabis suna ba da jinkiri kafin wurin jujjuyawa suna rage damuwa amma suna cinye sarari. Masu ɗaukar igiyoyi ko maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na retractor suna kula da tashin hankali da jagorar igiyoyi ta hanyar juyawa amma suna ƙara rikitarwa. Zoben zamewa na al'ada galibi suna haɗa fasalolin sarrafa kebul kamar spools masu tsinke ko bazara{4}}waɗanda aka ɗora da su suna magance aikace-aikacen- ƙayyadaddun ƙuntatawa.
Load - buƙatun ɗaukar lokaci lokaci-lokaci suna tura zoben zamewa fiye da sauƙin haɗin lantarki. Wasu ƙira dole ne su goyi bayan nauyin axial ko radial daga kayan haɗin da aka haɗa yayin da suke riƙe aikin lantarki. Wannan hanya guda biyu{3}maƙasudin yana buƙatar ɗaukar nauyi mai girma, ƙarfafa tsarin gidaje, da bincike mai zurfi na ɗaukar rayuwa ƙarƙashin haɗaɗɗun nauyin juzu'i da tsari. Yawancin masana'antun suna hana wannan al'ada, suna ba da shawarar keɓance nau'ikan injina daban-daban daga zoben zamewa.
Nau'in Sigina Complexity
watsa wutar lantarki kadai yana wakiltar yanayin gyare-gyare mafi sauƙi. Ƙididdigar ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, da ƙidayar da'ira suna haifar da ƙira madaidaiciya ta amfani da daidaitattun kayan tuntuɓar da daidaitawa. Kalubale suna fitowa lokacin da ake haɗa nau'ikan sigina a cikin taro ɗaya, musamman haɗa babban ƙarfin - na yanzu tare da siginonin kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.
Babban{0}} ladabi na bayanai na sauri wanda ya haɗa da Gigabit Ethernet, HD{1}} Bidiyon SDI, da USB suna buƙatar hanawa{2}hanyoyin watsawa sarrafawa masu kiyaye amincin sigina ta hanyar juyawa. Daidaitaccen ginin zobe na zamewa yana gabatar da katsewar ƙugiya a wuraren mu'amalar zobe yana haifar da tunani da lalata sigina. Zane-zane na al'ada da ke magance waɗannan ƙa'idodi sun haɗa da kayan tuntuɓar da suka dace a hankali, juzu'i mai sarrafa goga, da kuma wani lokacin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban tare da jurewar haɗin gwiwa. Ba duk masu kera zoben zamewa ba ne ke da ƙwarewar injiniyan RF da ake buƙata don waɗannan ƙira.
Haɗin fiber na gani yana kawar da damuwar hayaniyar lantarki gaba ɗaya ta hanyar canza sigina zuwa haske. Fiber optic rotary joint (FORJs) na iya watsa tashoshi gigabit da yawa ta hanyar filaye guda ɗaya ko da yawa yayin jujjuyawa akai-akai. Fasahar ta dace da aikace-aikace inda keɓewar wutar lantarki, kariyar walƙiya, ko maɗaukakiyar bandwidth tana ba da damar ƙarin farashi{3}} yawanci sau 3-5 daidai da tashoshi na siginar tagulla. Haɗaɗɗen zoben zamewa da ke haɗa fiber optics don bayanai tare da da'irar wutar lantarki don magance yawancin hotunan likita da aikace-aikacen sa ido.
Thermocouple da da'irori na RTD suna ba da ƙalubale na musamman saboda ƙarancin matakan siginar su da yanayin zafinsu. Duk wani ƙarin juriya ko thermal EMF a cikin da'irar zoben zamewa yana gabatar da kurakuran aunawa. Zane-zane na al'ada don auna zafin jiki suna amfani da zinare -akan{3}}lambobin zinare suna rage tasirin thermoelectric, garkuwar da'ira ta mutum ɗaya, da kuma wani lokacin rama hanyoyin hanyoyin sadarwa don sanannen juriya. Waɗannan ƙwararrun ƙira ba safai suke fitowa a daidaitattun kasidar.
Ta hanyar - La'akari da Girman Girma
Diamita na ƙazanta yana daidaita kai tsaye tare da diamita na zamewar zobe da ƙarfin kewaye. Ƙananan ƙanƙara a ƙarƙashin 25mm kwat da wando ƙanƙanta kayan aiki kamar kwanon rufi{2}} kyamarori masu karkatar da su da ƙananan injiniyoyi masu ƙarancin sarari. Waɗannan ƙananan raka'o'in -ananan raka'a yawanci sun fi girma a da'irori 12-24 tare da ƙimar amp 2-5 na yanzu. Manyan bores daga 50-150mm suna ɗaukar ƙididdige ƙididdiga mafi girma da ƙarfin halin yanzu, gama gari a cikin injinan masana'antu da kayan tattara kaya.
Manya-manyan bores waɗanda suka wuce 200mm suna ba da aikace-aikace na musamman waɗanda ke wucewa da abubuwa masu mahimmanci ta hanyar juyawa. Wuraren zamewar turbin na iska yana da fa'ida har zuwa 800mm yana ba da izinin sarrafa farar ruwa na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, na'urorin kariya na walƙiya, da na'urorin wutar lantarki masu girma{3}} duk suna zagayawa ta hanyar haɗin ginin. Ƙirƙirar waɗannan manyan abubuwan haɗin daidaitaccen diamita{5} yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da kulawar inganci fiye da iyawar shagon injuna.
Matsakaicin masu girma dabam{0} suna wakiltar mafi ƙarfi don keɓancewa. Lokacin da ƙirar kayan aiki ta gyara wani takamaiman sanda ko diamita na bututu, daidaitattun zoben zamewa waɗanda ke ba da ɓangarorin 1.5{6}} ko 2.0- inch ba su da amfani ga buƙatun inch 1.75. Masu kera na yau da kullun na iya ɗaukar kowane diamita a cikin ƙarfin kayan aikin su, kodayake mafi ƙarancin oda da cajin kayan aiki galibi suna yin amfani da girman kashe-kashe. Wasu masana'antun suna ba da hannaye masu hawa da ke daidaita daidaitattun ƙwanƙwasa zuwa takamaiman diamita na shaft azaman madadin farashi mai ƙarancin farashi.
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin girman gundura da aiki tana haifar da ciniki. Manyan bores suna ƙara yawan jujjuyawar taro da lokacin inertia, suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin ƙarfi don haɓakawa da raguwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a cikin servo{2}tsararrun tsarin sakawa inda amsawa ya dogara akan rage rashin aiki. Sabanin haka, manyan bores suna ba da ƙarin sarari don abubuwan ciki, mai yuwuwar haɓaka ɓarkewar zafi da ƙyale ƙimar ƙima na yanzu a cikin ƙidayar da'ira ɗaya.
Ƙarfin Mai ƙira da Lokacin Jagora
Masu kera zoben zamewa na al'ada sun kasu kashi biyu: waɗanda ke canza daidaitattun dandamali da waɗancan injiniyoyi cikakkiyar mafita ta al'ada. Dandali{1}} tushen gyare-gyare yana aiki daga gine-ginen injinan da ake dasu, canza ƙididdige ƙididdigewa, ƙididdiga na yanzu, tsayin kebul, da nau'ikan haɗin haɗi. Waɗannan gyare-gyare galibi suna kammalawa cikin makonni 2-4 tare da ƙaramin cajin aikin injiniya tunda ƙirar ƙira ta kasance ta tabbata.
Cikakken injiniya na al'ada yana farawa tare da buƙatun aikace-aikacen kuma yana haifar da ƙira na musamman wanda ke magance takamaiman buƙatu. Wannan tsarin yana ɗaukar abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba{1}wataƙila 73mm guntu tare da da'irori 47 gami da da'irori 8 na 30 amps, da'irori 32 na Ethernet, da da'irori 7 na siginar thermocouple, duk suna aiki a 180 RPM a cikin shingen IP67 a yanayin zafi daga -20 digiri zuwa digiri 80. Cikakken ƙira na al'ada yana buƙatar makonni 6-12 don aikin injiniya, samfuri, da gwaji kafin fara samarwa.
Gudanar da lokacin jagora ya zama mahimmanci a cikin jadawalin aikin. Daidaitaccen kayan kasida yana jigilar cikin kwanaki. gyare-gyaren dandamali ya ƙara zuwa 2{6}} makonni 4. Cikakken ƙira na al'ada yana buƙatar makonni 8-16 daga ƙayyadaddun izini ta hanyar bayarwa. Akwai sabis na gaggawa amma suna ɗaukar farashi mai ƙima-wani lokacin kari 50-100% don haɓaka aikin injiniya da masana'antu. Haɗin farko tare da masu samar da zoben zamewa yayin matakan ƙirar kayan aiki yana hana rikice-rikice na jadawalin.
Zaɓuɓɓukan ƙirƙira sun bambanta ta wurin masana'anta da rikitaccen aikin. Wasu masu samar da kayayyaki suna ba da samfura masu sauri ta amfani da 3D{2}}wayoyin bugu da hannu{3}}waɗanda aka haɗa cikin gida don gwajin aiki kafin ƙaddamar da kayan aikin samarwa. Wannan hanya ta dace da ayyukan ci gaba tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Ƙirƙirar -samfurin niyya ta amfani da hanyoyin masana'anta na ƙarshe sun fi tsada kuma suna ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo amma tabbatar da cikakken ƙira gami da kowane tsari na musamman kamar hatimin hermetic ko babban gwajin ƙarfin lantarki-.
Tsarin Kuɗi da Ƙimar Ƙimar
Farashin zoben zamewa na al'ada yana nuna lokacin aikin injiniya, farashin kayan aiki, kayan aiki, da ƙarar samarwa. Sauƙaƙan gyare-gyare zuwa daidaitattun dandamali suna ƙara 20{5}} 40% akan farashin kasida. Cikakken gyare-gyaren ƙira na al'ada sau da yawa yakan kai 2{8} sau 3 daidai farashin samfur na raka'a ɗaya. Ƙirar samarwa tana matuƙar tasiri ga farashin raka'a{11}} odar raka'a 10 na iya kashe kashi 80% na farashin raka'a ɗaya, yayin da adadin raka'a 100 kan kai kashi 40-50% na farashin raka'a ɗaya.
Ba - cajin aikin injiniya mai maimaitawa (NRE) yana rufe aikin ƙira, samfuri, da kayan aiki. Sauƙaƙe gyare-gyaren dandamali yana ɗaukar NRE bayyane tun lokacin da farashin ke shiga cikin farashin naúrar. Kyawawan ƙira akai-akai suna raba NRE{3}}watakila $3,000{7}}8,000 don matsakaita hadaddun raka'a-daga farashin samar da naúra. Wasu masana'antun sun yi watsi da NRE tare da mafi ƙarancin alkawurran oda, yawanci raka'a 25-50. Fahimtar tsarin farashi yana taimakawa tsara kasafin kuɗi na ayyuka, musamman ga samfuran da ba su da tabbas girman tsinkaya.
Ƙimar aiki tana ba da hujjar farashin al'ada a cikin aikace-aikace inda daidaitattun mafita suka gaza ko daidaita ƙarfin tsarin. Zoben zamewa na al'ada na $4,000 wanda ke ba da damar tsarin mutum-mutumi na $200,000 don yin aiki da dogaro yana ba da ƙimar ƙima duk da tsadar 10X fiye da ƙarancin daidaitaccen ma'auni. Dole ne bincike ya yi la'akari da jimlar farashin tsarin, ba kawai farashin kayan aiki ba. Farashin lokacin ragewa daga daidaitattun faɗuwar zobe na zamewa zai iya ƙetare kimar naúrar na al'ada a cikin watannin aiki.
Madadin hanyoyin wasu lokuta suna rage farashi ba tare da cikakken keɓantawa ba. Haɗa daidaitattun zoben zamewa da yawa a cikin tari ko gefe -ta{2}}ananan adiresoshin ƙididdiga na gefe. Gidajen adaftan masu hawa daidaitattun na ciki tare da flanges na al'ada ko rigunan hannu suna warware ƙalubalen haɗaɗɗiyar injina da yawa. Canjin siginar waje ko tace kari daidaitattun damar zamewar zobe don ƙwararrun ladabi. Waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar sun cancanci la'akari kafin ƙaddamar da ƙira na al'ada.
Aikace-aikacen - Misalai na Musamman
Kayan aikin hoto na likita yana misalta hadaddun buƙatun al'ada. CT scanner gantries suna jujjuya ci gaba a 60 -180 RPM yayin da ake watsa bayanan hoto na HD, siginar sarrafawa, da 15{5}}30 kilowatts na X{7} ikon janareta. Zane-zane na al'ada sun haɗa tashoshi na fiber optic don bayanan gigabit, keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen madauri masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka ƙididdige su akan 1000+ volts, da hanyoyin sanyaya ruwa suna kawar da zafi daga manyan lambobin sadarwa na yanzu. Duk taron dole ne ya cika ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin EMC da ke hana tsangwama ga kayan lantarki masu mahimmanci yayin tsira miliyoyin juyi.
Injin marufi suna aiki a cikin mahalli masu ƙalubale da ke buƙatar mafita na musamman. Rotary fillers da ke sarrafa abubuwan sha suna buƙatar abinci{1}}kayan daraja, IP67 hatimi a kan sinadarai na wanke-wanke, da kuma wani lokacin ginin bakin karfe gabaɗaya. Bukatun lantarki na iya haɗawa da matsakaicin madaurin wutar lantarki na 10-20 amp da Ethernet don sadarwar PLC da kuma I/O mai hankali don firikwensin. Zane-zane na al'ada suna magance tsafta da buƙatun hatimi waɗanda daidaitattun zoben zamewar masana'antu ba za su iya cika ba.
Na'urorin sarrafa iska na bakin teku suna ba da ƙayyadaddun haɗe-haɗe. Nacelles suna jujjuya zuwa fuskantar iskoki masu mamaye yayin da ke watsa fitarwar janareta da yawa ({1}}megawatt, ikon sarrafa farar ruwa, da hanyoyin sadarwa na fiber optic SCADA. Zoben zamewa na al'ada na waɗannan aikace-aikacen sun kai girma masu girma -300{11}} 800mm diamita-tare da ƙimar halin yanzu sama da 1000 amps a kowace kewaye. Kariyar muhalli daga feshin gishiri, zafi, da matsananciyar zafin jiki daga -40 zuwa digiri 50 na buƙatar ƙwararrun hatimi, sutura, da kayan aiki. Tsammanin rayuwar sabis na shekaru 20+ tare da ƙarancin kulawa da ƙira mai dogaro da dogaro da kai.
Tsaro da aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya suna ƙaddamar da ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu buƙata. Tsarukan radar na iska suna buƙatar zoben zamewa da ke tsira daga girgiza, girgiza, da matsanancin zafin jiki yayin kiyaye daidaitaccen watsa siginar a mitoci har zuwa 40 GHz. Aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya suna buƙatar vacuum{3}}kayan da aka ƙima, juriya na radiation, da cikakken aminci tunda a cikin{4}} gyare-gyaren kewayawa ya tabbatar da ba zai yiwu ba. Waɗannan matsananciyar buƙatun suna tura kayan aiki da tsarin masana'antu zuwa iyakokin su, tare da farashin daidai sau da yawa 10-20X kwatankwacin ƙirar kasuwanci.
Ka'idojin Gwaji da Tabbatarwa
Gwajin muhalli yana tabbatar da zoben zamewa na al'ada sun hadu da takamaiman yanayin aiki. Yin hawan zafin jiki daga mafi ƙanƙanta zuwa madaidaicin yanayin zafi yayin sa ido kan aikin wutar lantarki yana gano batutuwan faɗaɗa zafi, matsalolin mai mai, da gazawar daidaituwar kayan. Gwajin jijjiga a ƙayyadaddun mitoci da girma suna tabbatar da ƙarfin injina. Haɗin gwajin muhalli{3}}zazzabi na lokaci ɗaya, girgizawa, da zafi{4}} yana daidaita daidaitattun yanayin aiki na duniya fiye da gwajin sigina guda ɗaya{6}.
Gwajin aikin lantarki yana rufe sigogi da yawa dangane da aikace-aikacen. Ma'aunin juriya na tuntuɓar ma'aunin zafin jiki yana tabbatar da tsayayyen haɗi. Gwajin amo akan ma'aunin sigina yana ƙididdige matakan tsangwama masu mahimmanci don ainihin kayan aiki. Gwajin ƙarfin dielectric yana tabbatar da rufin da ke jure ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin lantarki da madaidaitan iyakokin aminci. Maɗaukakin da'irori na yanzu- ana fuskantar gwajin haɓakar zafi mai tabbatar da zafin jiki ya kasance cikin iyakoki karɓaɓɓu yayin aiki mai dorewa.
Gwajin rayuwa yana annabta tazarar sabis da buƙatun kulawa. Gaggauta gwaje-gwajen rayuwa suna gudanar da zoben zamewa a yanayin zafi mai tsayi, gudu, ko lodi masu tara sa'o'in aiki daidai da sauri. Zoben zamewa da aka ƙera don jujjuyawar miliyan 10 na iya kammala gwaji a cikin makonni maimakon shekarun aiki na ainihi{3}. Ma'auni na lantarki na lokaci-lokaci yayin gwajin rayuwa suna bin tsarin lalata da ke nuna lokacin kiyaye kariya ya zama dole. Ba duk ayyukan al'ada ba sun haɗa da cikakkiyar gwajin rayuwa saboda ƙima da ƙima, dogaro a maimakon ingantattun ƙira da kayan daga aikace-aikace iri ɗaya.
Takaddun ingantattun takaddun suna ba da damar ganowa da shaidar yarda. Aikace-aikacen na'urar likita suna buƙatar fayilolin tarihin ƙira waɗanda ke tattara kowane takamaiman bayani, sakamakon gwaji, da canjin ƙira. Sojoji da aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya suna buƙatar takaddun shaida, sarrafa tsari, da bayanan dubawa waɗanda ke bin AS9100 ko makamantan ƙa'idodi. Hatta aikace-aikacen masana'antu na kasuwanci suna amfana daga rubuce-rubucen rahotannin gwaji da bayanan dubawa mai ƙima da ke tabbatar da zoben zamewar al'ada ya dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai kafin karɓa.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Ta yaya zan tantance idan aikace-aikacena yana buƙatar zoben zamewa na al'ada?
Kwatanta buƙatunku da daidaitattun ƙayyadaddun kasida daga masana'anta da yawa. Idan girman ƙididdiga, ƙididdiga na yanzu, ƙidayar da'ira, ko yanayin muhalli sun faɗi a waje da daidaitattun zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su, keɓancewa ya zama dole. Haɗaɗɗen buƙatun sigina masu haɗa ƙarfi tare da ƙa'idodi na musamman galibi suna matsawa zuwa mafita na al'ada koda lokacin da sigogi na asali sun zama daidai.
Wane bayani zan bayar lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙima na al'ada?
Ƙayyade diamita na ƙira, buƙatun kewayawa (ƙidaya, halin yanzu, ƙarfin lantarki a kowane kewaye), nau'ikan sigina (ikon, Ethernet, bidiyo, da sauransu), saurin aiki a cikin RPM, yanayin muhalli (yanayin zafin jiki, ƙimar IP, rawar jiki), daidaitawar hawa, da tsammanin rayuwar sabis. Samar da cikakkun bayanan aikace-aikacen yana taimaka wa injiniyoyi su ba da shawarar ingantattun hanyoyin da ba ku yi la'akari da su ba.
Zan iya canza ƙirar zoben zamewa ta al'ada daga baya idan buƙatun sun canza?
Platform{0}} kwastan na tushen yana ba da damar gyare-gyare kai tsaye kamar canje-canjen ƙidayar da'ira ko musanya masu haɗawa. Cikakkun ƙira na al'ada tare da keɓaɓɓen fasalulluka na injina suna tabbatar da wahalar gyarawa tunda kayan aiki da geometries na gidaje bazai iya ɗaukar canje-canje ba. Tattaunawa masu yuwuwar buƙatun gaba yayin ƙira ta farko tana taimakawa ƙirƙirar sassauƙan gine-gine masu tallafawa juyin halitta.
Wadanne lokutan jagora ne zan yi tsammani don zoben zamewa na al'ada?
Sauƙaƙan gyare-gyaren dandamali yana buƙatar makonni 2-4. Kyawawan ƙira na al'ada masu rikitarwa suna buƙatar makonni 6-10 gami da aikin injiniya, samfuri, da samarwa. Kyawawan ƙira na musamman tare da gwaji mai yawa na iya tsawaita zuwa makonni 12-16. Haɗin kai na farko a lokacin ƙirar kayan aiki yana hana jadawalin abubuwan mamaki.
Zaɓan Hanya Mai Kyau Mai Kyau
Zaɓin tsakanin daidaitattun, gyare-gyare, da cikakken al'ada na zamewar zoben zoben yana daidaita ma'auni na aiki tare da ƙuntatawa na kasafin kuɗi da jadawalin. Aikace-aikace tare da buƙatun kai tsaye suna fa'ida daga daidaitattun samfuran da ke ba da samuwa nan take da ingantaccen abin dogaro. gyare-gyaren dandamali sun dace da ayyukan da ke buƙatar takamaiman nau'ikan haɗin haɗi, tsayin kebul, ko saitunan da'ira a cikin ingantattun envelopes na inji.
Cikakken aikin injiniya na al'ada yana hidimar aikace-aikace inda babu haɗin daidaitattun gyare-gyaren da ya dace da buƙatu. Zuba jari a ƙirar al'ada yana ba da rarrabuwa ta hanyar ingantaccen aiki, haɗin kai, da ingantaccen aiki a cikin mahalli masu ƙalubale. Yin aiki tare da ƙwararrun masana'antun zobe na zamewa daga matakan ƙira na farko yana samar da ingantattun mafita fiye da ƙoƙarin tilasta{2}}madaidaitan samfuran cikin aikace-aikacen da ba su dace ba.
Yi la'akari da jimillar hangen nesa na tsarin lokacin da ake kimanta mafita na al'ada. Zoben zamewa na al'ada mai tsada fiye da daidaitattun madadin na iya ba da damar ƙirar kayan aiki ceton kuɗi a wani wuri ta hanyar rage rikitarwa, ingantaccen aminci, ko ingantaccen ƙarfin aiki. Ya kamata yanke shawarar bangaren ya goyi bayan nasarar aikin gaba ɗaya maimakon inganta ƙimar ɓangaren mutum ɗaya.