Wanne Generator Slip Rings ne Mafi Dadewa?
Zoben zamewar janareta da aka yi tare da gawawwakin ƙarfe masu daraja ko fasahar goga ta fiber na ƙarfe suna daɗe mafi tsawo, yawanci suna samun jujjuyawar miliyan 100{2}} kafin buƙatar kulawa. Azurfa -kayan kayan haɗin gwiwar graphite da zoben jan karfe da aka yi wa zinari suma suna ba da tsawaita tsawon shekaru 20+ a ci gaba da aiki idan an kiyaye su yadda ya kamata.
Haɗin Abun Yana Ƙaddara Tsawon Rayuwa
Kayan tushe na zoben zamewar janareta yana tasiri kai tsaye tsawon lokacin da suke aiki da dogaro. Ƙarfe masu daraja{1}musamman waɗanda ke haɗa azurfa, zinari, ko platinum{2}} suna tsayayya da oxidation fiye da daidaitattun hanyoyin jan ƙarfe ko tagulla. Wannan juriya na iskar shaka tana fassara zuwa tsayayyen haɗin lantarki akan lokaci.
Zamewa zobba ta amfani da Paliney alloys (zubar da aka mallaka -gwal{1} hadewar platinum) suna nuna halayen lalacewa a aikace-aikacen masana'antu. Waɗannan kayan suna kiyaye ƙarancin juriya a duk tsawon rayuwarsu ta aiki, sabanin zoben jan ƙarfe waɗanda ke haɓaka lalatawar saman da ke buƙatar tsaftacewa lokaci-lokaci. Kasuwancin ya ƙunshi ƙarin farashi na farko, amma raguwar mitar kulawa yana daidaita wannan saka hannun jari a manyan aikace-aikacen dogaro da -.
Copper ya kasance mafi yawan kayan zobe na zamewa saboda kyakkyawan aiki a farashi mai ma'ana. Koyaya, nau'ikan jan ƙarfe yawanci suna buƙatar kulawa na shekara-shekara bayan sun kai miliyan 50 jujjuyawa a ci gaba da aikace-aikacen aiki{2} kamar injin injin iska. Rushewar saman yana ƙara juriyar wutar lantarki, yana tilasta masu kula da wutar lantarki suyi aiki tuƙuru da yuwuwar gazawa da wuri.
Brass yana ba da ingantaccen juriya na lalata idan aka kwatanta da tagulla mai tsabta yayin da yake riƙe da kyakkyawan aiki. Abubuwan da ke cikin zinc a cikin tagulla suna ba da kariyar oxidation na halitta, ƙara lokaci tsakanin tazarar kulawa. Masu janareta na masana'antu masu amfani da zoben zamewar tagulla suna ba da rahoton sake zagayowar gyare-gyaren da ke tsawaita 20-30% fiye da daidaitattun kayan aikin tagulla.
Dacewar Abun goge goge don Zoben Zamewa na Generator
Haɗin kai tsakanin saman zoben zamewa da kayan goga yana haifar da lalacewa ma'aurata waɗanda ke ƙayyade tsawon tsarin. Carbon{1} goge goge da aka haɗa tare da zoben jan karfe suna wakiltar haɗin al'ada, amma wannan saitin yana haifar da tarkacen lalacewa wanda ke taruwa yana haifar da gajeren wando na lantarki.
Gilashin fiber na ƙarfe yana canza tsammanin tsawon rai. Asali an ƙirƙira don jiragen ruwa na Navy na Amurka, waɗannan goge goge sun ƙunshi dubunnan siraran zaruruwan ƙarfe waɗanda ke yin hulɗa da saman zobe. Kowane goga yana ƙirƙira kusan wuraren tuntuɓar mutum 4,000 idan aka kwatanta da dozin a cikin gogayen carbon na gargajiya.
Wannan hanyar sadarwar da aka rarraba tana rage lalacewa sosai{0}} shigarwa a cikin injina na iska yana nuna gogashin fiber na ƙarfe wanda zai dawwama tsawon rayuwar injin injin na tsawon shekaru 20 ba tare da maye gurbinsa ba. Ƙananan tarkacen lalacewa da aka haifar yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki, yana kawar da gajeriyar matsalolin gama gari tare da tsarin goga na carbon.
Azurfa - graphite composite brushes balance conductivity and dotility infectious. Abubuwan da ke cikin azurfa suna ba da kyawawan kaddarorin lantarki yayin da graphite ke ba da gudummawar halayen kai{2}} Aikace-aikacen makamashin iskar da ke amfani da azurfa{4}} goge goge graphite suna ba da rahoton rayuwar aiki fiye da shekaru 10 a saurin jujjuyawar matsakaicin 1,250 RPM.
Kyawawan goge goge graphite sun yi fice a cikin matsanancin yanayi{0}} saboda kwanciyar hankali. Duk da haka, ƙananan ƙarfin aikinsu idan aka kwatanta da ƙarfe{2}madaidaicin graphite iyakoki don amfani da aikace-aikace inda juriyar zafi ya zarce abubuwan da ake buƙata na yanzu{3}. Manyan janareta masu saurin gudu sama da 3,000 RPM suna amfana daga ƙananan kaddarorin graphite{8}} duk da rashin daidaituwa.
Dorewar Tasirin Yanayin Aiki
Abubuwan muhalli da ke kewaye da zoben zamewar janareta suna haɓaka ko raguwar tabarbarewar ƙima sosai. Sauyin yanayi yana haifar da haɓakawa da raguwar kayan zobe, mai yuwuwar haifar da ƙananan fashe-fashe waɗanda ke yaɗuwa kan lokaci. Masu janareta da ke aiki a cikin tsayayyen yanayin zafin jiki suna samun tsawon rayuwar zoben zamewa 40-60% idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke da faɗuwar zafin zafi.
Danshi yana gabatar da danshi wanda ke inganta lalata a saman jan karfe da tagulla. Zoben zamewar injin turbin iska da aka fallasa ga mahalli na bakin teku suna fuskantar ƙarar ƙazanta daga iskar gishiri{1}. Shigarwa a cikin waɗannan yanayi masu tsauri suna amfana daga zinari{3}farantin karfe ko azurfa{4}} zoben jan karfe da aka zana waɗanda ke ba da shingen lalata yayin da ke riƙe kyakkyawan yanayin jan ƙarfe a ƙasa.
Kura da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu suna haifar da yanayi mara kyau tsakanin goge da zobe. Kowane juyi yana niƙa ɓangarorin a kan wuraren tuntuɓar juna, yana ƙaruwa ƙimar lalacewa. Rukunin zobe na zamewa tare da ingantacciyar hatimi suna tsawaita rayuwar aiki sosai{2}} rukunan da aka rufe a cikin saitunan masana'antu suna nuna tsawon tazara sau 2-3 tsakanin masu maye gurbin goga idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar da ba a rufe ba.
Saurin jujjuyawa yana ninka tasirin lalacewa da yawa. Wani janareta mai jujjuyawa a 3,600 RPM yana tara juyi miliyan 10 cikin ƙasa da watanni biyu na ci gaba da aiki. Manyan aikace-aikacen - suna buƙatar kayan ƙima da jadawalin dubawa na yau da kullun don kama lalacewa kafin gazawar ta faru.
Ayyukan Kulawa Suna Ƙarfafa Rayuwa
Tsaftacewa akai-akai yana kawar da ƙurar carbon da ke taruwa daga goga. Shawarwari na masana'antu sun ba da shawarar dubawa bayan kowane jujjuyawar miliyan 50, wanda ke fassara zuwa kulawa na shekara-shekara don ci gaba da sarrafa janareta kamar waɗanda ke cikin injin injin iska. Sauƙaƙan tsabtace iska yana ɗaukar mintuna 5{4}} amma yana hana gazawar da ke da alaƙa.
Daidaita matsa lamba na goge yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar lamba ba tare da lalacewa mai yawa ba. Matsi kadan yana haifar da kiba wanda ke lalata goge da zobe da sauri. Matsi mai yawa yana haɓaka lalacewa na inji ba dole ba. Masu kera suna ƙididdige jeri na matsa lamba yawanci tsakanin gram 150-300 a kowace santimita murabba'i dangane da kayan buroshi da buƙatun yanzu.
Sa ido juriya na lamba yana gano tabarbarewa kafin cikakken gazawar. Na'urori masu tasowa suna amfani da babban{1}}samfurin{2}}gwajin gwajin gano juriya na kayan aiki a samfura miliyan 1 a sakan daya{4}}wanda ya zarce samfurori 20 a cikin dakika na kayan aikin yau da kullun. Wannan madaidaicin yana kama gajeriyar fitilun lantarki waɗanda ke nuna matsaloli masu tasowa.
Maye gurbin goga mai aiki kafin cikar lalacewa yana hana lalacewa ta zobe. Jira har sai goge goge ya gaza gabaɗaya yana ba da damar faranti na goyan bayan ƙarfe don tuntuɓar zoben, yana haifar da tsagi mai zurfi da ke buƙatar haɓakawa mai tsada ko sauyawa. Maye gurbin goge a kashi 75% yana kiyaye mutuncin zobe kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar tsarin gaba ɗaya.
Siffofin Zane Masu Tsawaita Rayuwar Aiki
Siffofin motoci guda biyu- suna rarraba nauyin wutar lantarki a wurare da yawa. Maimakon goga ɗaya yana ɗauke da cikakken halin yanzu, tsarin tare da injuna da yawa da aka ajiye a kusa da zoben suna raba nauyin. Wannan rarraba yana rage yawan lalacewa a kowane wurin tuntuɓar mutum sosai.
Faranti masu rarraba tsakanin zoben wuta da bayanai/ zoben sigina suna hana ƙetarewa{0}} Kurar carbon daga babban da'irar wutar lantarki na yanzu na iya tsoma baki tare da watsa sigina mai mahimmanci idan an ba da izinin yin ƙaura. Shingayen jiki suna haɓaka tazarar tsafta don kewaya bayanai yayin da suke riƙe amintaccen sadarwa.
Ta hanyar - ƙirar ƙira tana ɗaukar igiyoyi masu jujjuyawa yayin da ke samar da saman lamba 360-. Wannan saitin yana kawar da tsarin sawa asymmetric da ake gani a cikin zoben zamewa irin na pancake inda lamba ke faruwa a saman fayafai. Ko da sawa rarraba yana ninka tsawon rayuwar da ake tsammani a daidai yanayin aiki.
Platinar walƙiya na zinari akan jan ƙarfe yana haɗa araha tare da juriya na lalata. Layin zinari na bakin ciki (yawanci 0.5-2 microns) yana ba da kariya ta iskar shaka yayin da jan ƙarfen da ke ƙasa ke ba da ƙarfin injina da haɓakar zafi. Wannan tsarin tattalin arziki yana tsawaita rayuwar zoben jan karfe sau 3-5 idan aka kwatanta da madadin da ba a rufe ba.
Aikace-aikace -Takamaiman Tsammanin Tsawon Rayuwa
Shigar da injin injin iska na fuskantar ci gaba da aiki mai buƙatar aiki. Tsarukan inganci da ke amfani da goge-goge na azurfa da zoben jan karfe tare da ingantaccen kulawa sun cimma tsawon shekaru 10{4}} 15 kafin babban gyara. Tsare-tsare masu ƙima tare da gogayen fiber na ƙarfe da zoben da aka ɗora da zinare sun kai cikar rayuwar ƙirar injin injin injin na tsawon shekaru 20.
Hydro{0}janatocin lantarki suna aiki da ƙananan gudu amma suna buƙatar cikakken aminci. Waɗannan aikace-aikacen yawanci suna ƙididdige zoben alloy na ƙarfe mai daraja duk da tsadar tsada. Haɗin ƙananan ƙimar juzu'i da kayan aiki mafi girma suna samar da rayuwar aiki na shekaru 30-40 tare da maye gurbin goga na lokaci-lokaci shine kawai mahimmancin kulawa.
Masu jan wutar lantarki masu ɗaukuwa suna amfani da ƙananan zoben zamewar tagulla wanda ya isa don zagayowar lokaci. Waɗannan raka'o'in suna tattara ƙarancin juzu'ai{1}wataƙila miliyan 1-2 a duk rayuwarsu ta sabis. Ƙuntatawa ya zama bayyanar muhalli yayin ajiya maimakon lalacewa daga aiki.
Motocin masana'antu{0}} janareta a cikin masana'antun masana'antu suna aiki akai-akai amma a cikin mahalli masu sarrafawa. Madaidaicin zoben zamewar jan ƙarfe tare da buroshin graphite sun cimma rayuwar sabis na shekaru 5-7 tare da tsaftacewa na shekara-shekara. Tsayayyen yanayin aiki da kulawa na yau da kullun yana haɓaka tsawon rai daga kayan tattalin arziki.
Kudin -Binciken fa'ida na Kayayyakin Kayayyaki
Abubuwan haɗin gwal na azurfa suna tsada sau 3-5 fiye da kwatankwacin jan karfe da farko, amma mitar kulawa ta ragu da kashi 60-80%. Don aikace-aikacen da farashin lokacin ragewa ya wuce $1,000 a kowace awa, babban jarin kayan aikin yana biya a cikin shekaru 2-3 ta hanyar rage kiran kulawa da tsawaita lokacin aiki.
Zinariya da aka zana tagulla na wakiltar matsakaicin matsakaici{1}. Plating yana ƙara 30 -40% zuwa farashin zoben jan karfe yayin da yake tsawaita rayuwa sau 3-4. Wannan tabo mai dadi yana sa zoben da aka yi da zinari ya shahara a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aiki mafi kyau fiye da dandazon jan ƙarfe amma ya kasa tabbatar da cikakken ginin ƙarfe mai daraja.
Tsarin buroshi na fiber na ƙarfe yana buƙatar babban saka hannun jari na gaba{0}Brush ɗin farashi 5{2}} sau 8 fiye da carbon- madadin graphite. Koyaya, rayuwar sabis na shekaru 20 da kawar da gurɓataccen ƙurar carbon yana haifar da tursasawa tattalin arziƙi don injin injin iska da sauran aikace-aikacen ci gaba da aiki inda samun kulawa ke da wahala ko tsada.
Daidaitaccen haɗin jan karfe da carbon -haɗin graphite sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta don aikace-aikacen ƙarami{1}}aiki{2}. Lokacin da jimillar sa'o'in aiki suka tsaya ƙasa da 5,000 a shekara, tanadin kiyayewa daga kayan ƙima ba zai taɓa ɓata farashin saye da yawa ba. Zaɓin kayan aiki dole ne ya dace da ainihin buƙatun aiki maimakon matsakaicin yuwuwar aiki.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Sa'o'i nawa ne yawanci zoben zamewa ke wucewa?
Rayuwar aiki ta dogara da saurin juyawa da zagayowar aiki maimakon sa'o'i kaɗai. Zoben zamewa da aka ƙididdige don jujjuyawa miliyan 100 yana ɗaukar awoyi 3,600 a 3,600 RPM amma awanni 18,000 a 720 RPM. Ƙungiyoyin masana'antu masu inganci tare da kulawa mai kyau sun cimma sa'o'i 40,000-80,000 na aiki kafin buƙatar gagarumin gyara.
Za a iya gyara waɗannan abubuwan a maimakon maye gurbinsu?
Ee, raka'a tare da ƙananan lalacewa za a iya sake fitowa a kan lathe don maido da filaye masu santsi. Wannan yana ƙara rayuwa a 20-30% na farashin canji. Koyaya, zoben da ke da tsagi mai zurfi, lalacewar zafi, ko tsagewar tsari suna buƙatar cikakken maye gurbin saboda gyaran ba zai magance matsalolin mutunci ba.
Me ke kawo gazawar da wuri?
Lalacewa yana haifar da mafi yawan gazawar da ba a kai ba - tarin ƙurar carbon yana haifar da gajeren wando kuma yana ƙara juriya. Abubuwan muhalli kamar danshi yana hanzarta lalata. Matsi mai wuce gona da iri ko daidaitawar da ba ta dace ba yana haifar da yanayin lalacewa mara kyau. Yin aiki fiye da ƙididdige ƙarfin halin yanzu yana haifar da zafi wanda ke lalata kayan cikin sauri.
Shin manyan janareta na yanzu{0} suna buƙatar zoben zamewa na musamman?
Manyan aikace-aikace na yanzu suna buƙatar wuraren tuntuɓar mafi girma don ɗaukar nauyin zafi ba tare da zafi mai zafi ba. Zobba suna amfani da saitin goga da yawa da aka jera a kusa da kewaye don rarraba halin yanzu. Kayayyakin suna matsawa zuwa ga gami na azurfa ko ƙarfe{2}}wayoyin graphite waɗanda ke kiyaye ƙarancin juriya ƙarƙashin babban kwararar yanzu ba tare da hauhawar zafin jiki mai yawa ba.
Don iyakar tsawon rai, zaɓin kayan abu ya fi mahimmanci tare da zoben zamewar janareta. Ƙarfe masu daraja da haɗin gwanon fiber fiber sun cimma rayuwar aiki na shekara 20+ a cikin buƙatar ci gaba da aikace-aikace. Daidaitaccen tsarin jan ƙarfe da carbon - Tsarin graphite yana aiki da dogaro har tsawon shekaru 5-10 tare da ingantaccen kulawa. Daidaita saka hannun jari na kayan aiki zuwa ainihin yanayin aiki da maƙasudin samun kulawa maimakon kawai zaɓi zaɓi mafi tsada da ake samu.