Ta yaya Hydraulic Slip Ring Aiki?
Zoben zamewa na ruwa yana canja wurin ruwa mai matsa lamba tsakanin sassa na na'ura mai juyi da jujjuya ta hanyar keɓantaccen mahallin rotary. Na'urar tana ƙunshe da tashoshi na ciki waɗanda ke kula da ci gaba da gudanawar ruwa yayin da na'ura mai jujjuyawar ke jujjuyawa dangane da stator, yana ba da damar injuna kamar masu tonawa da injin turbin iska don jujjuya digiri 360 ba tare da tangling layukan hydraulic ba.
Kayan aikin Core
Babban aikin yana dogara ne da madaidaicin hatimin injina tsakanin filaye biyu masu motsi. Bangaren tsaye yana haɗawa da layin samar da tsarin ruwa, yayin da bangaren jujjuyawar ke haɗawa zuwa injina ko injina waɗanda ke buƙatar ci gaba da ƙarfin ruwa. Hatimai na musamman suna haifar da matsa lamba - shingaye masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a wurin jujjuyawar mu'amala, tare da hana yaɗuwa yayin da ake kiyaye adadin kwarara daga lita 1 zuwa 100 a cikin minti ɗaya.
Madaidaicin bearings suna goyan bayan jujjuyawar juzu'in da rage juzu'i yayin aiki. Wadannan bearings yawanci suna amfani da ginin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi don ɗaukar nauyin radial da axial yayin da ke ba da damar juyawa mai laushi a cikin sauri har zuwa 500 RPM a daidaitattun aikace-aikace. Samfuran ayyuka masu girma na iya aiki da sauri fiye da 5,000 RPM tare da ci-gaban ƙira da madaidaitan majalisun rotor.
Bambancin matsin lamba yana fitar da ruwa ta hanyar na'urorin ciki da aka ƙera zuwa duka na'urori masu juyawa da kuma stator. Waɗannan sassan suna daidaitawa a madaidaicin hatimi, ƙirƙirar hanya mai gudana duk da motsin dangi. Zane-zane na zamani suna ɗaukar matsi daga 3,000 zuwa 7,000 PSI a aikace-aikacen masana'antu, tare da raka'a na musamman waɗanda ke da ikon 10,000 zuwa 20,000 PSI don buƙatun muhalli.
Abubuwan Mahimmanci da Matsayinsu
Majalisar Gidaje
Gidajen waje suna ba da tallafi na tsari da wuraren hawan ga dukan taron. Masu sana'a suna gina gidaje daga karfe, aluminum, ko bakin karfe dangane da bukatun aikace-aikacen. Gidajen ƙarfe suna ba da matsakaicin ƙarfi don injuna masu nauyi, yayin da aluminum yana rage nauyi a cikin kayan aikin hannu. Bakin karfe ya zama dole a cikin gurbatattun muhalli kamar dandamalin teku ko masana'antar sarrafa sinadarai.
Shaft da Rotor System
Wurin tsakiya yana watsa motsin juyawa kuma ya ƙunshi sassa na ciki don canja wurin ruwa. Shafts suna fuskantar taurare da daidaitaccen niƙa don cimma ƙarshen saman da ke tabbatar da amincin hatimi. Rotor yana hawa zuwa wannan ramin kuma ya haɗa da tashoshi na inji waɗanda suka daidaita tare da daidaitattun wurare a cikin stator yayin juyawa.
Ta hanyar - ƙirar ƙira ta ƙunshi ramukan ramuka waɗanda ke ba da damar igiyoyi, ƙarin layukan hydraulic, ko tuƙi don wucewa ta tsakiya. Wannan saitin yana adana sarari kuma yana sauƙaƙe ƙirar injin a aikace-aikace kamar wuraren injin turbin iska da tsarin ganga mai juyawa.
Fasahar Rubutu
Babban hatimin aiki yana wakiltar fasaha mai mahimmanci wanda ke ba da damar yin aiki kyauta{1}. Zobba na zamewar ruwa na zamani suna amfani da kayan elastomeric kamar Viton, PTFE (Teflon), ko NBR (Nitrile) dangane da daidaituwar ruwa da jeri. Viton yana ɗaukar yanayin zafi daga -20 digiri zuwa digiri 200 kuma yana tsayayya da lalacewa daga ruwan ruwa na tushen mai. Makullin PTFE suna ba da juriya na sinadarai don magudanar ruwa amma suna buƙatar ƙira mai kyau don kiyaye ƙarfin rufewa.
Manyan tsare-tsaren rufewa galibi suna haɗa da ƙira masu ɗorewa na bazara{0}} waɗanda ke kula da matsin lamba kamar yadda hatimi ke sawa. Wasu masana'antun suna amfani da hatimin leɓe mai jujjuyawa tare da maɓuɓɓugan ƙarfe, yayin da wasu suna amfani da daidaitawar leɓe masu yawa waɗanda ke haifar da shingen rufewa. Dole ne kayan hatimi su daidaita sassauci don dacewa da rashin daidaituwa a kan rashin ƙarfi don tsayayya da extrusion a ƙarƙashin babban matsin lamba.
Majalisun Masu Gudanarwa
Madaidaicin ƙwallon ƙafa ko abin nadi bearings suna sanya na'ura mai jujjuyawa a hankali a cikin stator. Ingancin yana da mahimmanci anan{1}}asashen da aka ƙera don jurewar ISO yana tabbatar da ƙarancin gudu wanda zai iya lalata aikin hatimi. Abubuwan da aka rufe suna kare abubuwan ciki daga gurɓataccen ruwa yayin da aka riga aka tsara ƙira mai laushi suna ƙara tazarar sabis.
Saitunan ɗawainiya sau biyu{0} suna ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali ga aikace-aikace tare da lodin gefe ko ƙarfin lokaci. Tazarar da ke tsakanin bearings yana ƙayyade yadda taron zai yi tsayayya da jujjuyawar magudanar ruwa wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa mara daidaituwa.
Hanyar Ruwan Ruwa da Gudanar da Matsi
Ruwan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana shiga ta tashar jiragen ruwa na tsaye wanda aka kera a cikin gidaje. Waɗannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna haɗawa da daidaitattun kayan aiki na ruwa a cikin masu girma dabam daga M5 (4mm) don ƙaƙƙarfan aikace-aikace zuwa G1" (25mm) don manyan tsarin tafiyar ruwa{{5}. Tashar zaren tasha ta dace da ma'aunin masana'antu kamar NPT, BSP, ko awo don tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin hydraulic data kasance.
A cikin stator, hanyoyin da ruwa ke bi zuwa wurin rufewa inda ya ketare tashoshi na rotor. Ƙirar hatimi tana ba da damar canja wurin ruwa mai sarrafawa yayin kiyaye matsi. Wasu ƙira suna amfani da madaidaitan wuraren matsa lamba waɗanda ke daidaita ƙarfi akan hatimin, rage juzu'i da tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
Ƙirar hanya da yawa tana goyan bayan canja wurin ruwa ko matsi daban-daban lokaci guda. Naúrar hanyar wucewa 6- na iya samar da matsi na ruwa zuwa na'urori uku yayin dawo da ruwa ta layukan magudanar ruwa daban-daban. Masu masana'anta suna ba da jeri daga raka'a mai wucewa zuwa majalisu 24 don injunan hadaddun.
Hanyoyin da ke cikin na'ura mai juyi suna kai tsaye ga ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa da ke haɗawa da abubuwan haɗin ruwa masu juyawa. Ana iya keɓance wuraren tashar tashar jiragen ruwa don dacewa da lissafi na inji, tare da zaɓuɓɓuka don fitowar radial, fitattun axial, ko haɗuwa. Motoci masu sassauƙa ko tsayayyen bututu sannan ɗaukar ruwa zuwa wurare na ƙarshe kamar na'urorin lantarki ko injina.
Haɗin kai tare da Tsarin Lantarki
Yawancin zoben zamewar ruwa suna haɗa sassan zoben zamewar lantarki a cikin gidaje iri ɗaya. Wannan ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar tana sauƙaƙe aikin injin ta hanyar haɗa ruwa da watsa wutar lantarki a cikin ƙaramin yanki ɗaya. Sashin lantarki yana amfani da goga na carbon na gargajiya ko fasahar goga ta fiber don canja wurin iko da sigina yayin da sashin hydraulic ke aiki da kansa.
Daidaituwa na yau da kullun sun haɗu da hanyoyin ruwa na 2-6 tare da da'irorin lantarki 12-200. Wuraren lantarki suna ɗaukar watsa wutar lantarki har zuwa 10 amps a kowane kewaye da watsa sigina don na'urori masu auna firikwensin, maɓalli, ko tsarin sarrafawa. Wannan haɗin kai yana tabbatar da mahimmanci musamman a aikace-aikace kamar masu tonawa inda taksi mai jujjuya yana buƙatar duka wutar lantarki don kayan aiki da wutar lantarki don sarrafawa da nuni.
Ƙungiyoyin ci gaba sun haɗa da tanadi don sigina na musamman kamar Ethernet, USB, HDMI, ko bas ɗin masana'antu (Profibus, Profinet, CANbus). Waɗannan damar watsa bayanai suna tallafawa injiniyoyi na zamani tare da sarrafa kwamfuta da tsarin sa ido na ainihi{1}}.
Ƙayyadaddun Ayyuka A Gaba ɗaya Aikace-aikace
Ƙimar Matsi
Madaidaitan rukunin masana'antu suna aiki da dogaro akan 3,000{5}}5,000 PSI (207{10}}345 mashaya), dacewa da yawancin kayan aikin hannu da injunan gabaɗaya. Kayan aikin gini mai nauyi yana buƙatar ƙimar PSI 5,000-7,000 (bar 345-483) don ɗaukar manyan silinda mai ƙarfi. Aikace-aikace na musamman kamar kayan hakowa na teku ko na'urorin buƙatun buƙatun buƙatun 10,000-20,000 PSI (masha 690-1,379).
Matsakaicin matsi ya dogara da kayan hatimi, ƙarfin mahalli, da ƙirar hanya. Matsakaicin matsi yana buƙatar bangon gidaje masu kauri, riƙe hatimi mai ƙarfi, da sau da yawa hana zoben ajiyar waje waɗanda ke hana nakasar hatimi.
Ƙarfin zafin jiki
Matsakaicin zafin aiki yawanci ya kai - 30 digiri zuwa digiri 80 don daidaitattun raka'a ta amfani da hatimin NBR. Tsawaita jeri daga -40 zuwa digiri 120 suna ɗaukar kayan aikin waje a cikin matsanancin yanayi ko injuna da ke aiki kusa da tushen zafi. Ƙungiyoyin zafin jiki na musamman tare da Viton ko PTFE hatimi suna aiki har zuwa digiri 200 don aikace-aikacen da suka shafi mai zafi ko tsarin tururi.
Matsakaicin zafin jiki yana shafar sassaucin hatimi da dankowar ruwa, duka biyu masu mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki. Yanayin sanyi na iya yin taurin hatimi da ƙara ƙarfin farawa, yayin da yanayin zafi mai girma yana haɓaka lalata hatimi kuma yana rage rayuwar hatimi.
Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Tafiya
Ma'aunin iya gudana tare da diamita na wucewa da bambancin matsa lamba. Ƙananan raka'a tare da tashar jiragen ruwa na M5 suna isar da 1{4}}lita 5 a cikin minti ɗaya don ƙarin kewayawa. Matsakaicin girman raka'a tare da tashar jiragen ruwa G1/4" zuwa G1/2" suna ɗaukar lita 10-40 a minti ɗaya don masu kunna wuta na farko. Manyan raka'a tare da tashar jiragen ruwa G3/4"zuwa G1" suna tallafawa50-100+ lita a minti daya don aikace-aikace masu girma kamar manyan injinan ruwa.
Matsakaicin gudu yana rinjayar raguwar matsa lamba ta cikin naúrar{0}mafi girma yana haifar da asarar matsi mai girma wanda dole ne a biya diyya ta famfon mai ruwa. Masu kera suna samar da kwarara -a kan{3}}matsi{4}}sauke masu lankwasa don taimakawa masu ƙira don zaɓar raka'o'in da suka dace.
Iyakar Gudun Juyawa
Ƙirar ƙira tana aiki har zuwa 300{2}} 500 RPM, isasshe don yawancin injina masu juyawa. Bambance-banbancen saurin gudu- ta amfani da ci-gaba mai ɗaukar nauyi da ƙirar hatimi suna ɗaukar 1,000-3,000 RPM don aikace-aikace kamar tebur mai jujjuya bayanai ko kayan tattara bayanai masu sauri. Raka'a na musamman don centrifuges ko kayan gwaji suna aiki a 5,{9}} RPM, kodayake waɗannan suna buƙatar daidaita daidaito da ƙima.
Iyakokin gaggawa da farko sun fito ne daga dumama hatimi da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi. Yayin da saurin haɓaka ya karu, haɓakar zafi mai jujjuyawa yana ƙaruwa, mai yuwuwar lalata hatimi ko haifar da haɓakar zafin ruwa wanda ke shafar aikin tsarin.
Saitunan Shigarwa gama gari
Haɗaɗɗen Haɗawa
Haɗaɗɗen ƙira waɗanda aka haɗa kai tsaye zuwa cikin injina, tare da mahalli da ke zama ɓangaren jujjuya kayan aikin. Wannan tsarin yana ba da matsakaicin tsauri da dorewa tunda zoben zamewa ya zama sigar tsari. Masu tonawa da sauran kayan aikin gini sun yarda da wannan tsarin saboda yana jure wa abubuwan girgiza da girgiza ba tare da ƙarin kayan hawan kaya ba.
Shigarwa yana buƙatar daidaitaccen mashin ɗin hawa sama da daidaita daidaito yayin haɗuwa. Tsayayyen yanayin yana nufin sauyawa ko sabis na iya buƙatar rarrabuwa mai mahimmanci.
Semi-Haɗin Shiga
Semi{0}haɗe-haɗen raka'a suna hawa zuwa ɓangaren injin guda ɗaya tare da samun dama ga ɗayan. Wannan ƙira yana sauƙaƙa samun damar kulawa yayin samar da ingantaccen tsarin tallafi. Fuskar da ke hawa yawanci tana toshewa zuwa gidan injin ko farantin tsari, yayin da gefen jujjuyawar ke haɗawa ta hanyar haɗin haɗin gwiwa ko haɗin kai tsaye.
Wannan saitin yana ba da ma'auni tsakanin daidaiton tsari da iya aiki. Masu fasaha za su iya samun damar hatimi da bearings ba tare da kammalawar na'ura ba.
Hawan daban
Rarraba raka'a suna girka azaman abubuwan haɗin kai waɗanda aka haɗa da na'ura ta bututun hawa masu sassauƙa ko baka. Wannan hanyar tana ba da mafi girman sassauci don sake gyarawa ko aikace-aikacen al'ada. Warewa daga kayan aikin tsari yana rage damuwa akan abubuwan ciki, mai yuwuwar tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
Hawan daban yana buƙatar goyon baya a hankali na bangarorin biyu na tsaye da masu juyawa don hana rashin daidaituwa. Haɗin kai masu sassauƙa yawanci suna haɗa gefen jujjuya zuwa mashin ɗin injin, suna ɗaukar ƙaramin kuskure yayin watsa juyi.
Gaskiya - Aikace-aikace na Duniya da Buƙatun
Kayan Aikin Gina
Masu haƙawa suna wakiltar aikace-aikacen farko inda zoben zamewar ruwa na ruwa ke ba da cikakken jujjuyawar taksi mai digiri 360. Zoben zamewa yana hawa a gindin babban tsarin jujjuyawar kuma yana tura ruwa don haɓaka, hannu, da silinda na guga da injinan jujjuya don haɗe-haɗe. Zoben zamewar hakowa na yau da kullun ya haɗa da hanyoyin ruwa 4-8 waɗanda ke sarrafa 3,000-5,000 PSI a ƙimar kwararar lita 50-150 a cikin minti ɗaya.
Yanayin ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi yana buƙatar ingantaccen gini tare da rufaffiyar gidaje masu ƙimar IP65 ko sama don juriya da ƙura da ruwa. Abubuwan girgizawa daga tasiri da girgizar injin dizal na buƙatar ƙarfafa gidaje da ɗaukar nauyi{2}.
Turbin na iska
Motocin iska na zamani suna amfani da zoben zamewar ruwa a cikin tsarin sarrafa farar ruwa. Zoben zamewa yana jujjuya ruwan ruwa zuwa masu kunna wuta waɗanda ke daidaita kusurwar ruwa don ingantaccen ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki da kariyar injin turbin yayin iska mai ƙarfi. Shigarwa na buƙatar raka'a masu iya ci gaba da aiki har tsawon shekaru 20+ tare da ƙarancin kulawa.
Tsarukan sarrafa fitillu yawanci suna aiki a mashaya 150{8}}250 (2,175-3,625 PSI) tare da ƙarancin kwararar ruwa na lita 5-20 a cikin minti ɗaya. Matsakaicin zafin jiki daga -40 digiri zuwa digiri 60 a cikin mahallin nacelle yana buƙatar kayan hatimi mai faɗi. Yawancin injin injina suna haɗa hanyoyin ruwa tare da da'irori na lantarki don siginar rikodi da madadin ƙarfin baturi.
Kayan Aikin Hako Ruwan Ruwa
Tsarukan hakowa na cikin teku suna amfani da manyan zoben zamewar ruwa na hydraulic mai ƙarfi don sarrafa injin saukar da ruwa da tsarin sarrafawa. Matsalolin aiki sun kai 10,000 PSI ko sama, tare da hatimi na musamman da gidaje waɗanda aka gina daga lalata{4}}kayan juriya kamar 316 bakin karfe ko alloys titanium.
Yanayin magudanar ruwa yana gabatar da bayyanar ruwan gishiri, yana buƙatar ingantaccen hatimi don hana gurɓacewar tsarin injin ruwa. Raka'a sau da yawa sun haɗa da sake rufewa da tsarin zubar da ruwa na waje waɗanda ke amfani da ruwa mai tsabta don kare zoben zamewa daga gurɓataccen waje.
Hoton Likita
CT scanners da sauran kayan aikin likita masu jujjuyawa suna amfani da ƙananan zoben zamewar ruwa don watsa sanyi zuwa na'urorin sanyaya bututun X{{0}ray. Waɗannan aikace-aikacen suna buƙatar aiki mai santsi sosai tare da ƙaramin girgiza wanda zai iya lalata ingancin hoto. Madaidaicin bearings da madaidaitan rotors suna iyakance gudu zuwa micrometers.
Yawan gudu ya kasance ƙasa kaɗan{0}yawanci 1{2}}lita 5 a cikin minti daya{4}}amma dole ne amintacce ya zama cikakke tunda lokacin rage kayan aiki yana shafar kulawar mara lafiya kai tsaye. Raka'a suna haɗe tare da zoben zamewa na lantarki ɗauke da babban ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki don haɓakar X-ray da siginar bayanai daga jerin abubuwan ganowa.
Injin tattara kaya
Maɗaukakiyar jujjuyawa mai girma{0}}cikowa, caja, da injunan lakafta sun haɗa zoben zamewar ruwa don kunna kayan aiki akan turretsu masu juyawa. Aiki a 60{3}} 300 RPM tare da farawa akai-akai{4}}tsayawa hawan keke yana buƙatar ƙananan ƙira{5}}inertia da abubuwan da ba sa jurewa.
Matsakaicin girma yana da mahimmanci tunda injunan marufi sun inganta sawun sawun don samar da shimfidar bene. Ta hanyar - ƙirar ƙira tana ba da damar tuƙi don wucewa ta tsakiya yayin da hanyoyin ruwa ke ba da masu kunna wuta a kewayen turret.
Nau'o'i da Sharuɗɗan Zaɓi
Single-Raka'ar Wuta
Sauƙaƙan aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar da'irar ruwa ɗaya suna amfani da ƙirar hanyar wucewa ɗaya - tana ba da mafi ƙarancin girma da farashi. Waɗannan raka'a suna aiki da tsarin taimako kamar masu canza kayan aiki, jujjuyawar nozzles, ko rarraba mai. Ginin aluminium mai nauyi da ƙananan girman tashar jiragen ruwa (M5 zuwa G1/8) sun bayyana wannan rukunin.
Multi- Saitunan Wuta
Makarantun injuna masu buƙatar sarrafa lokaci guda na masu kunnawa da yawa ko canja wurin ruwa daban-daban suna buƙatar raka'o'in wucewa da yawa. Tsare-tsare daga sassa 2 zuwa 24 suna goyan bayan da'irorin ruwa masu zaman kansu don ayyuka daban-daban. Kowane sashe yana kiyaye keɓancewa daga wasu ta hanyar hatimi na sadaukarwa, yana hana ƙetarewa-.
Zaɓin ya dogara da adadin ayyukan hydraulic masu zaman kansu. Mai hakowa na iya buƙatar sassa 6: uku don bututun bututu/hannu/guga, biyu don ayyukan aiwatar da taimako, ɗaya kuma don dawo da magudanar ruwa. Turbines na iska yawanci suna amfani da sassa 2-4 don masu aikin farar ruwa.
Babban - Tsare-tsaren Matsi
Aikace-aikacen da suka wuce 5,000 PSI suna buƙatar ƙarfafa gidaje, tauraren hatimi, da zoben ajiyar waje.{2}. Waɗannan raka'o'in suna amfani da ginin ƙarfe ko bakin ƙarfe a ko'ina tare da kaurin bango da aka ƙididdigewa don ɗaukar matsi da maginin tsaro.
Babban ƙira mai ƙarfi{0} sau da yawa yana ƙayyadaddun kayan hatimi masu ƙarfi kamar cika PTFE ko mahaɗan polyurethane waɗanda ke tsayayya da nakasu a ƙarƙashin kaya. Shigarwa yana buƙatar kulawa mai tsafta ga tsabta tun da gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta na iya lalata hatimi da haifar da ɗigogi a matsi mai ƙarfi.
Samfuran Maɗaukaki-
Kayan aiki da ke aiki sama da RPM 500 yana buƙatar zoben zamewa tare da daidaitattun madaidaitan rotors, tsayi mai tsayi, da ƙirar hatimi waɗanda ke rage dumamar yanayi. Wuraren tuntuɓar kusurwar kusurwa ko yumbun nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan yumbu suna maye gurbin daidaitattun nau'ikan ƙwallon ƙwallon don ingantacciyar aikin sauri-.
La'akarin sanyaya suna zama mahimmanci a cikin haɓakar sauri{0}wasu ƙira sun haɗa da filaye masu sanyaya a kan gidaje ko tanadi na jaket na ruwa mai sanyaya waje. Kayayyakin hatimi suna matsawa zuwa ga mahalli masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke jure yanayin zafi daga gogayya.
Abinci{0}Raka'a mai daraja
sarrafa abinci da kayan aikin magunguna na buƙatar zoben zamewa ta amfani da FDA{0}} kayan da aka yarda da su da jiyya na musamman. Gidaje suna samun ƙarewar lantarki wanda ke kawar da ɓarna inda ƙwayoyin cuta za su iya ɗauka. Seals suna amfani da abinci -maganin elastomers, kuma duk wuraren da aka jika dole ne su tsaya tsayin daka na CIP (tsaftace{4}}a-wuri) da kuma SIP (steam-a-wuri).
Abubuwan Kulawa da Rayuwar Sabis
Yanayin hatimi yana ƙayyade tazarar sabis fiye da kowane abu. Rayuwar hatimi ta yau da kullun tana daga 500 zuwa 2,000 hours aiki dangane da matsa lamba, saurin gudu, da tsaftar ruwa. Matsakaicin matsi da saurin gudu suna rage rayuwa, yayin da gurɓataccen ruwa ke ƙara saurin lalacewa.
Dubawa akai-akai ya haɗa da duba ɗigogi na waje, saka idanu masu raguwar matsa lamba waɗanda ke nuna lalacewa na ciki, da auna juzu'i na jujjuyawar siginar tabarbarewar hatimin. Yawancin masu aiki suna kafa jadawalin dubawa bisa sa'o'in aiki ko tazarar kalanda.
Sauyawa ɗaukar nauyi yawanci yana faruwa a sa'o'i 5,000-10,000 don daidaitattun aikace-aikacen masana'antu. Wurare masu tsauri ko ci gaba da aiki na iya rage wannan tazara. Rashin lalacewa yana nunawa azaman ƙararrawar jijjiga, hayaniya, ko fitowar magudanar ruwa wanda ke lalata aikin hatimi.
Tace ruwa yana tasiri sosai ga tsawon rai. Masu sana'a suna ba da shawarar tacewa micron 10{4} 25 don tsarin hydraulic tare da zoben zamewa. Barbashi mafi girma fiye da microns 10 na iya shigar da hatimi kuma su haifar da ɗigogi ko tarkace saman madaidaicin ƙasa. Na'urori masu amfani da gurbataccen ruwa na iya fuskantar gazawar hatimi a cikin ɗaruruwa maimakon dubban sa'o'i.
Ma'ajiyar da ta dace da kulawa kafin abubuwan shigarwa. Hatimi na iya ɗaukar saitin matsawa ko tattara ƙura idan raka'a ta zauna ba a yi amfani da su ba. Masu sana'anta galibi suna jigilar raka'a tare da iyakoki masu kariya a kan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da riguna masu adanawa akan filayen ƙarfe da aka fallasa.
Magance Matsalar gama gari
Fitowar Waje
Ruwan da ke gani yana kuka daga wuraren hatimi yana nuna lalacewa, lalacewa, ko shigar da bai dace ba. Abubuwan da aka sawa suna buƙatar maye gurbin kafin lalacewar ciki ta faru. Gwajin matsin lamba bayan haɗawa yana tabbatar da amincin hatimi kafin komawa sabis.
Matsin lamba mai yawa fiye da ƙimar naúrar na iya busa hatimi ko karkatar da sassan gidaje. Koyaushe tabbatar da saitunan bawul ɗin taimako na tsarin daidaita ƙayyadaddun zoben zamewa.
Ƙarar Juyawa Juyawa
Ƙarfi mafi girma da ake buƙata don juya zoben zamewa yawanci yana nufin juzu'in hatimi ya ƙaru saboda gurɓatawa, rashin kyaun man shafawa, ko kumburin hatimi daga ruwan da bai dace ba. Ragewa da dubawa sun bayyana dalilin. Maye gurbin hatimi da zubar da sassa na ciki yakan warware matsalar.
Rashin Matsi
Ƙuntatawa masu gudana daga tarkacen hatimi ko toshewar hanya suna haifar da raguwar matsa lamba tsakanin mashigai da mashigai. Wannan yana bayyana azaman martani mai jinkirin mai kunnawa ko rage fitar da ƙarfi. Gwajin matsin lamba kowane sashe yana keɓe da'irar matsala daban-daban. Tsaftacewa ko maye gurbin abubuwan ciki yana dawo da kwarara.
Gurbacewar Ruwa
Haɗin ruwan da ba zato ba tsammani a tsakanin sassan yana nuna gazawar hatimi a cikin raka'o'in wucewa da yawa. Cikakken maye gurbin hatimi ya zama dole, tare da zubar da duk gurbatattun da'irori a cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta injin.
La'akarin Zaɓin Abu
Kayan gida suna daidaita ƙarfi, nauyi, da juriya na lalata. Karfe na Carbon yana ba da matsakaicin ƙarfi a mafi ƙarancin farashi don mahalli masu kariya. Aluminum alloys rage nauyi ga mobile kayan aiki yayin da bayar da isasshen lalata juriya tare da dace surface jiyya.
Bakin ƙarfe maki kamar 304 ko 316 suna tsayayya da lalata a cikin yanayin ruwa ko sarrafa sinadarai. Mataki na 316 yana ba da juriya mafi girma a cikin ruwan gishiri. Ƙaƙƙarfan aikace-aikace na iya ƙila ƙayyadaddun bakin karfe mai duplex ko galoli masu ban mamaki kamar Monel ko Inconel don matsananciyar juriyar lalata.
Zaɓin kayan hatimi ya dogara da nau'in ruwa da kewayon zafin jiki. NBR (Nitrile) yana aiki da kyau tare da mai daga -30 digiri zuwa digiri 100 kuma yana ba da ƙima mai kyau. Viton (FKM) yana ƙara ƙarfin zafin jiki zuwa digiri 200 kuma yana tsayayya da na'urorin lantarki na roba amma yana da tsada sosai.
PTFE (Teflon) yana ɗaukar mafi girman kewayon sinadarai da yanayin zafi amma yana buƙatar ƙira mai kyau don kula da matsa lamba ba tare da lalacewa ta wuce kima ba. Wasu masana'antun suna amfani da PTFE{1}cikakken mahadi waɗanda ke inganta juriya yayin da suke riƙe dacewar sinadarai.
Abubuwan ɗaukar kaya suna shafar rayuwa da aiki. Madaidaicin ƙarfe chrome bearings sun dace da yawancin aikace-aikace. Bakin ƙarfe na ƙarfe yana tsayayya da lalata a cikin mahalli{2} ƙasa. Gilashin yumbura (ƙwallan yumbu tare da tseren ƙarfe) suna ƙara ƙarfin saurin sauri da rage juzu'i a aikace-aikacen ƙima.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Wadanne ruwaye zasu iya rike zoben zamewar ruwa?
Yawancin zoben zamewa na ruwa suna ɗaukar man fetur - tushen mai, ruwa{1}} glycol ruwaye, na'urorin hydraulic na roba, da matsewar iska. Kayan hatimi na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sinadarai{3}}NBR hatimin suna aiki tare da mai, yayin da hatimin Viton ke ɗaukar ruwan roba da yanayin zafi. Wasu ƙwararrun raka'a suna canja wurin sinadarai masu lalata, masu sanyaya, tururi, ko abinci{5}} ruwaye masu daraja ta amfani da mahalli masu dacewa da kayan gida.
Yaya tsawon lokacin zamewar zoben na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa zai wuce?
Rayuwar sabis ta dogara sosai akan yanayin aiki. Hatimi yawanci yana ɗaukar awoyi 500-2,000 a ƙarƙashin amfanin masana'antu na yau da kullun a 3,000 PSI da matsakaicin gudu. Ruwa mai tsabta, matsi mai dacewa, da ingantaccen shigarwa yana ƙara rayuwa zuwa kewayon sama. Bearings yawanci yana ɗaukar awanni 5,000-10,000 kafin sauyawa. Cikakkun raka'a sau da yawa suna kasancewa da sabis na shekaru 10-20 tare da kulawa na yau da kullun da maye gurbin hatimi.
Shin zoben zamewa na hydraulic na iya aiki a bangarorin biyu?
Ƙirar ƙira tana aiki daidai da jujjuyawar agogon agogo ko madaidaicin agogo. Keɓancewar hatimi yana haifar da juzu'i daidai ba tare da la'akari da alkiblar juyawa ba. Wasu aikace-aikace kamar masu tonawa suna buƙatar ƙarfin jujjuyawar bisiyu don karkatar da taksi hagu ko dama. Tsarin sarrafawa kawai suna jujjuya motar juyi don cimma sauye-sauyen alkibla.
Me ke sa zoben zamewar ruwa ya gaza?
Lalacewar hatimi tana wakiltar mafi yawan yanayin gazawa, yawanci daga gurbataccen ruwa, matsa lamba mai yawa, ko rashin daidaituwar sinadarai. Rashin lalacewa daga rashin man shafawa ko yin kiba yana haifar da lalacewa ta biyu. Abubuwan waje kamar nauyin girgiza, jijjiga, ko shigar da bai dace ba suna hanzarta lalacewa. Kulawa na yau da kullun da tace ruwa yana hana yawancin gazawa.
Zoben zamewa na hydraulic yana magance ƙalubalen injiniya na asali - kiyaye ikon ruwa zuwa kayan aiki na jujjuyawar ba tare da murɗa hoses ko iyakance juyi ba. Fasahar ta haɗu da madaidaicin hatimin inji tare da ƙaƙƙarfan gini don ɗaukar matsi har zuwa PSI 20,000 a cikin mahalli da suka kama daga sanyin arctic zuwa zafin hamada. Ko yana ba da damar haɓaka aikin tono, injin injin injin iska, ko daidaitaccen hoton likita, waɗannan na'urori suna nuna yadda aikin injiniya mai tunani ke canza hatimi mai sauƙi zuwa sassa na tsarin. Zaɓin zaɓin da ya dace daidai da buƙatun aikace-aikacen, haɗe tare da kulawa na yau da kullun da ruwa mai tsabta, yana ba da ingantaccen sabis na shekaru har ma da yanayin masana'antu masu buƙata.