Menene Wind Generator Slip Ring?
Don haka kuna kallon injin turbine nacelle wanda ke buƙatar juyawa don bin hanyar iskar. Matsalar ta same ku nan da nan - ta yaya kuke samun wutar lantarki daga wani abu mai juyi? Kebul na yau da kullun za su murɗa sama kuma suna ɗauka bayan ƴan juyawa. Wannan shine gaba ɗaya na zamewar zoben.
Abin Da Ake Yi
Zoben zamewa yana canja wurin wutar lantarki tsakanin sassan da ke jujjuya juna. A cikin injin turbin iska, wannan yana nufin samun wuta daga janareta zuwa matakin ƙasa yayin da nacelle zai iya hamma digiri 360 sau da yawa kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Saitin asali yana da zoben ƙarfe waɗanda ke jujjuya tare da nacelle, da goge-goge waɗanda ke tsayawa kuma suna ci gaba da tuntuɓar waɗannan zoben. A halin yanzu yana gudana ta cikin goge-goge, ƙetare saman zobe, da kuma fitar da ɗayan. Ra'ayi mai sauƙi, amma kisa yana samun rikitarwa da sauri.
Yawancin zoben zamewar turbine suna ɗaukar ayyuka daban-daban guda biyu. Watsawar wutar lantarki shine a bayyane yake{1}} kuna motsa ɗaruruwan amps a ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kusa da 690V AC, wani lokacin kuma mafi girma akan sabbin injina. Sannan akwai duk siginar sarrafawa. Bayanan kula da fitillu, lura da zafin jiki, sadarwar SCADA, firikwensin girgiza. Turbines na zamani suna da tashoshi na sigina 30-50 da ke gudana ta hanyar taron zoben zamewa.
Gina
Zoben wuta suna da girma, yawanci 200mm zuwa diamita 300mm dangane da buƙatun yanzu. Suna amfani da goga na graphite ko azurfa - saboda gogewar jan karfe za su yi yawa. Kowane zobe yana haɗi zuwa lokaci ɗaya na fitowar janareta.
Mun koyi cewa matsi na goga yana da mahimmanci fiye da yadda zanen gado ya nuna. Yayi haske sosai kuma kuna samun hulɗa ta ɗan lokaci wanda ke kunna wuta tare da wutar lantarki a ƙasa. Yayi nauyi sosai kuma goge ya ƙare a cikin rabin lokacin da ake tsammani. Tabo mai dadi yawanci shine gram 200-300 a kowace goga, amma wannan ya bambanta da ingancin saman zobe da yanayin muhalli.
Zoben sigina sun fi ƙanƙanta, ƙila 50{2}} diamita 100mm. Gold plated saman akan waɗannan saboda iskar shaka shine mutuwa don ƙananan ƙarfin watsa bayanai. Lalacewar zoben sigina na iya haifar da kurakuran sarrafa farar, wanda ba wani abu ba ne da kuke son faruwa yayin aukuwar hadari.
Rayuwar gogewa a cikin kayan aiki na gaske yana gudana ko'ina daga sa'o'i 8,000 zuwa 15,000. Wannan babban yaduwa ne kuma yana zuwa ga abubuwan muhalli fiye da ƙira. Shigarwa na bakin teku tare da fallasa gishiri suna cin goge da sauri. Babban rukunin yanar gizo- suna haɓaka lalacewa. Hawan zafin jiki yana ƙarfafa hanyoyin bazara.
Me yasa Ba Zaku Iya Amfani da Zoben Zamewa Na Masana'antu kawai ba
An tsara daidaitattun zoben zamewar masana'antu don yin aiki na ɗan lokaci{0}wataƙila mintuna 30 a kunne, mintuna 30 a kashe. Na'urorin sarrafa iska suna ci gaba da gudana har tsawon watanni. Wannan bambance-bambancen sake zagayowar aiki yana kashe abubuwan da ke aiki da kyau a wasu aikace-aikacen.
Gwargwadon gishiri yana da muni akan injin turbin teku. Mun ja da taro daga abubuwan da aka gina a Tekun Arewa inda hatimin gidaje ya zube kuma adadin gishiri a saman zoben ya karu da juriya da kashi 50-80%. Turbine yana ci gaba da gudana amma asarar wutar lantarki yana nunawa kamar zafi, kuma a ƙarshe wani abu ya gaza.
Vibration wani batu ne. Hasumiya sway, gearbox harmonics, rotor rashin daidaituwa{1}} duk yana watsawa cikin zoben zamewa. Kuna buƙatar tsarin ɗagawa tare da damping mai dacewa da bearings waɗanda ke ɗaukar nauyin radial da axial yayin kiyaye goge goge tare da saman zobe.
Fiber Optics don Data
Wasu sabbin injinan turbines, musamman injinan 5MW+ na bakin teku, suna motsawa zuwa gidajen haɗin gwiwar fiber optic don watsa sigina. Ƙarfi har yanzu yana tafiya ta hanyar goga na al'ada{3}} nau'in zobe, amma duk tashoshi na bayanai suna gudana ta hanyar sadarwa mara waya.
Wannan yana da ma'ana lokacin da kuke tura gigabit Ethernet don saka idanu akan yanayin. Ƙoƙarin samun irin wannan nau'in bandwidth ta hanyar sadarwar goga yana gabatar da amo mai yawa. Hanyar fiber yana amfani da taron priism mai juyawa inda haske ke wucewa ba tare da saduwa ta jiki ba.
Ƙididdiga mai ƙima shine kusan 40-60% akan zoben sigina na al'ada. Amma kuna kawar da lalacewa a kan tashoshin bayanai gaba ɗaya, wanda ke da mahimmanci lokacin da kuke kallon rayuwar aiki na shekaru 20.
Girma da Ƙidaya
Idan kuna ƙayyadaddun zoben zamewa, ga abin da ke da mahimmanci:
Ƙarfin halin yanzu yana buƙatar derating. Generator ɗin ku na iya fitar da 800A ci gaba, amma kar a ƙididdige zoben zamewar 800A. Kuna buƙatar sama don hawan zafin jiki, musamman a cikin naceles mara kyau. Hoto 20-30% gefe, don haka kuna kallon ƙimar 1000-1100A don aikace-aikacen 800A.
Adadin da'irori shine inda mutane sukan yi gini. Ƙara da'irori daga baya yana buƙatar cikakken rarrabuwa kuma yawanci yaƙe-yaƙe. Gara a sami zoben sigina 4-6 da ba a yi amfani da su ba fiye da gano watanni 18 a cikin haka kuna buƙatar ƙarin tashoshi don haɓaka sa ido.
Girman ƙazanta yana da mahimmanci idan kuna tura wani abu ta tsakiya. Layukan kwantar da hankali, hoses na hydraulic don tsarin farar ruwa, ƙarin cabling. Matsakaicin ƙwanƙwasa yana gudana 40mm zuwa 150mm, amma girman al'ada ya wanzu idan zaku iya tabbatar da farashin kayan aiki.
Kasawar gama gari
Hirar goge goge yana nunawa azaman amo a cikin fitarwar wutar lantarki. Yawancin lokaci yana nufin rashin isassun matsi ko gurɓatawa a saman zobe. Gyaran yana nan tsaye -tsaftace zoben tare da yashi 600-grit da barasa isopropyl, duba maɓuɓɓugar goga don gajiya, tabbatar da cewa masu goga suna motsawa cikin yardar kaina.
Ring surface grooving faruwa a kan lokaci. Ragowar haske a ƙarƙashin 0.5mm suna da kyau. Da zarar ka zurfafa zurfin 1mm ko ganin gagarumin ginin tudu, lokacin sauyawa ne. Machining zobba a wurin ba ya aiki saboda ba za ka iya kula da hankali ba tare da dace kayan aiki.
Rashin gazawa a cikin taron zoben zamewa ba ya zama gama gari amma bala'i idan ya faru. Yawancin lokaci kuna samun alamun gargaɗi{1}} hayaniyar da ba a saba gani ba makonni kafin cikar kamawa. Matsala ita ce mafi yawan tsarin SCADA ba sa sa ido kan zamewar sautin zobe, don haka ana rasa waɗannan gargaɗin har sai tankuna masu aiki.
Cikakken Bayanin Shigar da ke da mahimmanci
Hana zoben zamewa a kan dandamali mai tsauri. Duk wani sassauƙa a cikin hawan yana fassara kai tsaye zuwa matsalolin goge goge. Mun sami firam ɗin ƙarfe na waldawa suna aiki da kyau fiye da gunkin taro. Jijjiga yana kwance bolts komai yawan Loctite da kuka yi amfani da shi, da kuma duba juzu'i yayin kulawa na shekara-shekara yana kama matsaloli kafin su ƙaru.
Bar kanku dakin aiki. Sabis ɗin zobe na zamewa yana nufin samun damar goge goge daga kusurwoyi da yawa. Ƙoƙarin yin wannan a cikin matsatsin nacelle mita 80 sama a cikin yanayin sanyi yana sa ayyuka masu sauƙi suna ɗaukar tsawon sau uku. Zane don samun damar tabbatarwa, ba kawai sauƙi na shigarwa ba.
Gudanar da kebul a ƙarshen yana buƙatar kulawa fiye da yadda ake samu. Muna ganin gazawar taimako koyaushe saboda ba a kiyaye igiyoyin igiyoyi da kyau kuma girgiza tana sa su kwance. Zafi{2}}ƙasa takalma yana taimakawa, amma ingantattun igiyoyin kebul tare da ƙwayayen kulle su ne ainihin mafi ƙanƙanta.
Saka idanu
Zazzabi a gidan zoben zamewa yana ba da gargaɗin farko. Matsayin digiri 10-15 akan tushe yawanci yana nufin ƙara juriyar lamba daga lalacewa ko gurɓatawa. Turbines na zamani suna shiga wannan bayanan, amma wani yana buƙatar a zahiri ya bita. Saita faɗakarwa ta atomatik a matakin tushe +20 .
Za'a iya ƙididdige yawan goge goge daga lokutan aiki, amma dubawa yana bugun lissafi. Duba tsawon goga kowane watanni 6{2}} akan sama{5}}amfani da injin turbin. Sauya a kashi 50% na tsayin asali - kar a yi ƙoƙarin matse wancan ɗan ƙarshe. Gyaran gaggawa bayan gazawar yana kashe kusan 10x fiye da wanda aka tsara lokacin da kuka ƙididdige lokacin raguwa da tattarawa.
Menene Kudinsa
Cikakken taron zobe na zamewa don injin injin 2MW yana gudanar da $15,000- $25,000 na sassa, ƙari game da aiki daidai gwargwado dangane da damar shiga yanar gizo da wadatar crane. Kasashen waje sun ninka wancan farashin aiki.
Masu maye gurbin goge sun fi arha{0}}$1,500-$3,000 na kayan aiki. Har yanzu aiki yana da mahimmanci saboda buƙatun samun damar nacelle. Wannan ba kulawa ba ne da za ku iya tsallakewa. Gwargwadon sawa yana haifar da matsala masu tsada fiye da saitin goga.
Injiniya na al'ada don aikace-aikacen da ba daidai ba{0} yana samun tsada cikin sauri. Hoto $25,{3}} don aikin ƙira da samfurin kayan aiki idan kuna buƙatar wani abu a waje da ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Wani lokaci ana barata don manyan jiragen ruwa inda daidaitawa ke biyan kuɗi, amma don shigarwa guda ɗaya, daidaita daidaitattun naúrar kusan koyaushe yana da ma'ana.
Menene Gaba
Canja wurin wutar lantarki maras tuntuɓa ta hanyar haɗa haɗin kai yana ƙara kusantar amfani mai amfani a injin injin iska. Wasu ƴan masana'antun suna da kayan aikin matukin jirgi suna gudana. Fasahar tana aiki - mun gan ta a cikin wasu injina masu jujjuyawa{3}}amma farashi har yanzu 3-4x ne na zoben zamewa na al'ada.
A yanzu, goge{0}} nau'in zoben zamewa ya kasance mafita mai amfani. An fahimci su da kyau, filin -tabbatacciyar fasaha tare da ingantattun hanyoyin kulawa. Ana samun sassa a shirye. A cikin makamashin iska, inda kuke ƙirƙira na tsawon shekaru 20{6}} 25, injiniyan ra'ayin mazan jiya yakan doke ƙirƙira ƙira.
Layin ƙasa: zoben zamewa ba sa samar da wuta, amma tabbas suna iya dakatar da tsara lokacin da suka gaza. Yi la'akari da su azaman abubuwan kulawa masu amfani, ba abubuwan rayuwa na rayuwa ba, kuma za ku guje wa yawancin lokacin da ba a shirya ba.